{"id":20271,"date":"2022-11-09T11:16:53","date_gmt":"2022-11-09T11:16:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.economicsobservatory.com\/?post_type=question&#038;p=20271"},"modified":"2023-12-11T05:34:49","modified_gmt":"2023-12-11T05:34:49","slug":"festival-of-economics-data-explorer","status":"publish","type":"question","link":"https:\/\/www.economicsobservatory.com\/test\/festival-of-economics-data-explorer","title":{"rendered":"Festival of Economics: US data explorer"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>This page showcases some recent data visualisation work we have done at the Economics Observatory. We are committed to an approach that is based on\u00a0accuracy, openness, and\u00a0transparency. We believe this is a critical ingredient for both economic research and effective policy design. Here at ECO, we want to keep learning,\u00a0improving\u00a0and innovating\u00a0in the way we present our data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All these visualisations are interactive. Please use this touchscreen (or your mouse) to explore the charts and learn about how they were designed and built.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Figure 1: Economic metrics, by US state<\/h4>\n\n\n<section class=\"blocks__chart\">\n    <div id=\"chatEmbed667906\" class=\"blocks__chart-svg\"><\/div>\n\n    <script>\n        var spec = {\"$schema\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vega.github.io\\\/schema\\\/vega-lite\\\/v5.json\",\"width\":500,\"height\":300,\"data\":{\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/raw.githubusercontent.com\\\/jhellingsdata\\\/jhellingsdata.github.io\\\/main\\\/Data\\\/US_States_5m.json\",\"format\":{\"property\":\"features\"}},\"title\":{\"text\":\"\",\"fontSize\":12,\"subtitle\":[],\"subtitleFontStyle\":\"italic\",\"subtitleFontSize\":10,\"anchor\":\"middle\",\"color\":\"black\"},\"projection\":{\"type\":\"albersUsa\"},\"mark\":\"geoshape\",\"params\":[{\"name\":\"Select\",\"value\":\"Nominal GDP ($mn)\",\"bind\":{\"input\":\"select\",\"options\":[\"Nominal GDP ($mn)\",\"Real GDP ($mn)\",\"Personal Income per capita ($)\",\"Population (k)\",\"Unemployment (%)\",\"Median Household Income ($)\",\"High School Graduate (%)\",\"Bachelor Degree (%)\",\"Homeownership (%)\",\"Housing Inventory (days on market)\",\"Price Parities Index\",\"Nominal GDP per capita ($)\",\"Real GDP per capita ($)\",\"Labour Participation (%)\",\"Average Hourly Earnings ($)\"]}}],\"transform\":[{\"lookup\":\"properties.NAME\",\"from\":{\"key\":\"State\",\"fields\":[\"Nominal GDP ($mn)\",\"Real GDP ($mn)\",\"Personal Income per capita ($)\",\"Population (k)\",\"Unemployment (%)\",\"Median Household Income ($)\",\"High School Graduate (%)\",\"Bachelor Degree (%)\",\"Homeownership (%)\",\"Housing Inventory (days on market)\",\"Price Parities Index\",\"Nominal GDP per capita ($)\",\"Real GDP per capita ($)\",\"Labour Participation (%)\",\"Average Hourly Earnings ($)\"],\"data\":{\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/raw.githubusercontent.com\\\/jhellingsdata\\\/jhellingsdata.github.io\\\/main\\\/Data\\\/USA_databank_wide.csv\"}}},{\"calculate\":\"datum[Select]\",\"as\":\"varSelected\"}],\"encoding\":{\"color\":{\"field\":\"varSelected\",\"legend\":{\"title\":\"\",\"legendX\":0,\"legendY\":0,\"direction\":\"vertical\"},\"type\":\"quantitative\",\"scale\":{\"scheme\":\"goldorange\",\"reverse\":false}},\"tooltip\":[{\"field\":\"properties.NAME\",\"title\":\"State\"},{\"field\":\"varSelected\",\"title\":\"Value\",\"format\":\",d\"}]}};\n        var view = new vega.View(vega.parse(spec), {\n            responsive: true,\n            renderer: \"canvas\", \/\/ renderer (canvas or svg)\n            container: \"#chatEmbed667906\", \/\/ parent DOM container\n            hover: true \/\/ enable hover processing\n        });\n        view.run();\n\n        vegaEmbed('#chatEmbed667906', spec);\n    <\/script>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Source: FRED<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>This first chart plots a range of economic metrics over a state map of the US (see Figure 1). Using the dropdown menu, you can toggle between measures and see the trends across the country. Note the economic might of California (home to Silicon Valley and several wealthy cities) in comparison to states like Louisiana and Mississippi in the South.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Figure 2: Crime statistics, by US state<\/h4>\n\n\n<section class=\"blocks__chart\">\n    <div id=\"chatEmbed424373\" class=\"blocks__chart-svg\"><\/div>\n\n    <script>\n        var spec = {\"$schema\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vega.github.io\\\/schema\\\/vega-lite\\\/v5.json\",\"width\":500,\"height\":300,\"data\":{\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/raw.githubusercontent.com\\\/jhellingsdata\\\/jhellingsdata.github.io\\\/main\\\/Data\\\/US_States_5m.json\",\"format\":{\"property\":\"features\"}},\"title\":{\"text\":\"\",\"fontSize\":12,\"subtitle\":[],\"subtitleFontStyle\":\"italic\",\"subtitleFontSize\":10,\"anchor\":\"middle\",\"color\":\"black\"},\"projection\":{\"type\":\"albersUsa\"},\"mark\":\"geoshape\",\"params\":[{\"name\":\"Select\",\"value\":\"Violent Crime\",\"bind\":{\"input\":\"select\",\"options\":[\"Violent Crime\",\"Homocide\",\"Rape\",\"Robbery\",\"Aggravated Assault\",\"Property Crime\",\"Burglary\",\"Larceny\",\"Motor Vehicle Theft\",\"Arson\"]}}],\"transform\":[{\"lookup\":\"properties.NAME\",\"from\":{\"key\":\"State\",\"fields\":[\"Violent Crime\",\"Homocide\",\"Rape\",\"Robbery\",\"Aggravated Assault\",\"Property Crime\",\"Burglary\",\"Larceny\",\"Motor Vehicle Theft\",\"Arson\"],\"data\":{\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/raw.githubusercontent.com\\\/jhellingsdata\\\/jhellingsdata.github.io\\\/main\\\/Data\\\/USA_crime_databank_wide.csv\"}}},{\"calculate\":\"datum[Select]\",\"as\":\"varSelected\"}],\"encoding\":{\"color\":{\"field\":\"varSelected\",\"legend\":{\"title\":\"\",\"legendX\":0,\"legendY\":0,\"direction\":\"vertical\"},\"type\":\"quantitative\",\"scale\":{\"scheme\":\"greenblue\",\"reverse\":false}},\"tooltip\":[{\"field\":\"properties.NAME\",\"title\":\"State\"},{\"field\":\"varSelected\",\"title\":\"Offences per 100,000 people\",\"format\":\",d\"}]}};\n        var view = new vega.View(vega.parse(spec), {\n            responsive: true,\n            renderer: \"canvas\", \/\/ renderer (canvas or svg)\n            container: \"#chatEmbed424373\", \/\/ parent DOM container\n            hover: true \/\/ enable hover processing\n        });\n        view.run();\n\n        vegaEmbed('#chatEmbed424373', spec);\n    <\/script>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Source: FBI, 2019<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, we show a map of different crimes across the country. Again, you can toggle between the crime types using the dropdown menu to see which type of offences are found most frequently in each state. Alaska and New Mexico stand out in terms of violent crime, but Louisiana has the highest rate of homicide (based on FBI data from 2019). Note: we used 2019 data to avoid the effects of Covid-19 on crime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Figure 3: Crime rates vs income, by US state<\/h4>\n\n\n<section class=\"blocks__chart\">\n    <div id=\"chatEmbed995171\" class=\"blocks__chart-svg\"><\/div>\n\n    <script>\n        var spec = {\"$schema\":\"https:\\\/\\\/vega.github.io\\\/schema\\\/vega-lite\\\/v5.json\",\"description\":\"Various US measures state by state\",\"title\":{\"text\":\"\",\"subtitle\":[\"\"],\"subtitleFontStyle\":\"italic\",\"subtitleFontSize\":10,\"anchor\":\"start\",\"color\":\"black\"},\"data\":{\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/raw.githubusercontent.com\\\/jhellingsdata\\\/jhellingsdata.github.io\\\/main\\\/Data\\\/USA_databank_combined.csv\",\"format\":{\"type\":\"csv\"}},\"mark\":{\"type\":\"circle\",\"size\":150,\"color\":\"rgb(0,67,167)\",\"opacity\":0.6},\"height\":300,\"width\":500,\"params\":[{\"name\":\"Select\",\"value\":\"Violent Crime\",\"bind\":{\"input\":\"select\",\"options\":[\"Violent Crime\",\"Homocide\",\"Rape\",\"Robbery\",\"Aggravated Assault\",\"Property Crime\",\"Burglary\",\"Larceny\",\"Motor Vehicle Theft\",\"Arson\"]}}],\"transform\":[{\"calculate\":\"datum[Select]\",\"as\":\"varSelected\"}],\"encoding\":{\"x\":{\"field\":\"Median Household Income ($)\",\"type\":\"quantitative\",\"title\":null,\"scale\":{\"domain\":[40000,100000]}},\"y\":{\"field\":\"varSelected\",\"type\":\"quantitative\",\"title\":null},\"color\":{\"field\":\"State\",\"type\":\"nominal\",\"scale\":{\"scheme\":\"set1\"},\"legend\":null,\"title\":null},\"size\":{\"field\":\"Population\",\"type\":\"quantitative\",\"title\":\"Population\",\"scale\":{\"range\":[10,500]}},\"tooltip\":[{\"field\":\"State\"},{\"field\":\"Population\",\"format\":\",d\"},{\"field\":\"Personal Income per capita ($)\",\"format\":\",d\"},{\"field\":\"varSelected\",\"title\":\"Value\",\"format\":\",d\"}]}};\n        var view = new vega.View(vega.parse(spec), {\n            responsive: true,\n            renderer: \"canvas\", \/\/ renderer (canvas or svg)\n            container: \"#chatEmbed995171\", \/\/ parent DOM container\n            hover: true \/\/ enable hover processing\n        });\n        view.run();\n\n        vegaEmbed('#chatEmbed995171', spec);\n    <\/script>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sources: FRED, FBI<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>What about plotting the data against each other? This final chart combines the datasets and plots different crime type rates (y axis) against a state's median household income (x axis). The idea here is to get a picture of how relative prosperity and crime rates\/types might be correlated. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By toggling through the crime types, you can find outliers. For example, both Alaska and Hawaii appear to have surprisingly large arson rates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Of course, there are numerous factors that affect crime. This is simply one example of how we can use data visualisation to spot patterns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Where can I find out more?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>All the code and underlying data can be found via Joshua Hellings' <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/jhellingsdata\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">GitHub account<\/a>.<\/li><li>Our data visualisation principles can be be found <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/EconomicsObservatory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Authors: Joshua Hellings, Charlie Meyrick<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","categories":[241,493,235],"tags":[1500,1498,1497,1499,540],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Festival of Economics: US data explorer - Economics Observatory<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A series of interactive charts exploring crime data for the USA\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.economicsobservatory.com\/test\/festival-of-economics-data-explorer\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Festival of Economics: US data explorer - 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